n型IBC太阳电池选择性发射极工艺研究

为提升n型叉指背接触(IBC)太阳电池的光电转换效率,采用丝网印刷硼浆和高温扩散的方式形成选择性发射极结构,研究了硼扩散和硼浆印刷工艺对电池发射极钝化性能和接触性能的影响。实验结果表明,在硼扩散沉积时间和退火时间一定的条件下,硼扩散通源(BBr₃)流量为100 mL/min,沉积温度为830 ℃,退火温度为920 ℃时,发射极轻掺杂(p⁺)区域的隐开路电压达到710 mV,暗饱和电流密度为12.2 fA/cm²。发射极局部印刷硼浆湿重为220 mg时,经过高温硼扩散退火,重掺杂(p⁺⁺)区域的隐开路电压保持在683 mV左右,该区域方块电阻仅46 Ω/□,金属接触电阻为2.3 mΩ·cm². 采用该工艺方案制备的IBC电池最高光电转换效率达到24.40%,平均光电转换效率达到24.32%,相比现有IBC电池转换效率提升了0.28个百分点。     

基于嵌入式的工业控制人机界面系统研究

针对工业控制系统网络化和良好人机交互性的需求,构建和开发了基于ARM9微处理器的通用工业控制人机界面系统。硬件部分主要讨论了以S3C2440微处理器为核心的硬件电路设计,外围电路模块包括SDRAM及Flash存储器电路、以太网电路、RS-232/RS-422电路、触摸屏及LCD接口等电路,在分析了硬件系统信号完整性的前提下,完成了6层PCB的设计工作。软件部分主要研究了U-Boot移植和内核裁剪技术,编写了相关的硬件设备驱动程序,设计了基于QT/Embedded的人机界面和相关应用程序。论文研究最终实现了工业控制系统的人机交互和控制需求。     

基于空间模型测量点的照度比值的CIE标准一般天空类型选择

为了计算自然光照度,需要从CIE定义的15种天空类型中正确选择一种对应当前实际天空。首先根据朝向太阳与背向太阳的垂直天空照度的比值将15种天空类型划分为6组,然后根据天空光透过窗口在空间模型两个不同测量点形成的照度的比值对6组天空类型做进一步划分,最终实现对CIE定义的15种天空类型的选择。将天空类型的选择结果与实际天空类型相比较,结果表明,这种天空类型选择方法所得结果可以准确地对应当前实际天空类型。     

Numerical Study of the Near-Wall Gas-Droplet Jet in a Tube with a Heat Flux on the Surface

A model for calculating the flow of a turbulent mixture of air and suspended liquid particles injected into the near-wall region is developed within a unified approach of mechanics of heterogeneous media in the two-velocity and two-temperature approximation of the Eulerian approach. The influence of droplet evaporation in the near-wall jet on heat transfer between the two-phase gas-droplet flow and the wall is studied in the case of heat addition to the latter. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 5–17, January–February, 2006.     

半导体制冷片制作的高能激光靶屏

 为了用热图法测量高能激光强度的时空分布,设计了将半导体制冷片作为激光靶屏的测量方案。研制了由16个50 mm×50 mm的制冷片组装成的总面积为200 mm×200 mm、总制冷功率超4 800 W的靶屏, 屏四周安装了8个红外标定物用于校正红外图像的畸变。理论上用热传导方程建立了激光辐照半导体制冷片靶屏的加热模型;数值模拟了屏表面温度分布同光强分布的关系,论证了氧化铝陶瓷材料制成的半导体制冷片作为高能激光靶屏的可行性,以及制冷片的制冷功能对测试性能的改善;通过实验验证了研制的靶屏测量光强是可行的。     

环形电子束积分图像诊断技术

 采用图像诊断方法对高能环形电子束形状及空间尺寸进行了研究,以高能脉冲环形电子束轰击高Z靶材料产生脉冲X射线,X射线经过X射线增感屏转换为可见光,用单次图像采集系统获取可见光的积分图像。为满足诊断所需的空间分辨和系统灵敏度,通过理论计算确立了靶的材料、厚度及X射线增感屏的型号和厚度等参数。根据测试环境,设计了系统的现场安装结构,系统基本满足测试要求。分析从实验中获取的图像,可知环形电子束的内径为36.5 mm,环厚为1 mm,环形不均匀,水平方向电子束强。     

舰船光电对抗中烟幕遮蔽与激光引偏的配合作战研究

通过分析舰船光电对抗作战中烟幕干扰和激光引偏干扰的特点,提出了烟幕遮蔽和激光引偏在对抗半自主激光制导武器时配合使用的作战样式,分析了各种作战样式的使用条件、工作流程和配合要素,以及作战样式的优势与不足,指出了多种干扰手段配合作战是发挥光电对抗系统综合对抗效能的关键.     

Multiplexed Determination of Amino‐Terminal Pro‐B‐Type Natriuretic Peptide and C‐Reactive Protein Cardiac Biomarkers in Human Serum at a Disposable Electrochemical Magnetoimmunosensor

A rapid magnetoimmunosensor for the simultaneous determination of two cardiac biomarkers, amino‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and C‐reactive protein (CRP), in human serum is described. Specific capture antibodies were covalently immobilized onto carboxylic acid‐modified magnetic beads. The quantification of NT‐proBNP and CRP was performed by using indirect competitive and sandwich configurations, respectively, and horseradish peroxidase‐labeled tracers. The use of dual screen‐printed carbon electrodes allowed the achievement of simultaneous independent amperometric readout for each cardiac biomarker. The developed methodology showed very low limits of detection (0.47 ng mL^?1). An international standard for CRP serum spiked with NT‐proBNP was analyzed to evaluate the usefulness of the magnetoimmunosensor.     

热脱附-气相色谱-质谱法应用于工业源废气中挥发性有机物的目标和非目标筛查

建立了固相吸附热脱附-气相色谱-质谱(TD-GC-MS)综合筛查工业源废气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的方法。对两种型号的固相吸附管进行了比较,最终选择使用Tenax SS TD Tubes吸附管。气体样品以恒定流速通过吸附管,富集分析物,经热脱附后,用GC-MS进行检测,目标化合物以内标法定量,非目标化合物的含量以甲苯的响应系数计算。方法检出限为1.06~5.44 ng,以采样体积300 mL计算,目标化合物的检出限为0.004~0.018 mg/m~3。吸附管平均加标回收率为78.4%~89.4%,相对标准偏差为3.9%~14.4%(n=7)。应用该方法对大连市某垃圾焚烧发电厂排放的废气进行VOCs目标及非目标化合物综合筛查,共检出29种VOCs,其中仅5种VOCs为预先设定的目标化合物,另外24种为非目标化合物,5种目标化合物含量仅占所有检出物总量的26.7%。证明了工业源废气VOCs分析中非目标化合物筛查的重要性,该研究思路对完整测定工业源挥发性有机污染物分布具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Fullerene Black Modified Screen Printed Electrodes for the Quantification of Acetaminophen and Guanine

Fullerene Black (FB) and Extracted Fullerene Black (EFB) were used in modified screen‐printed electrodes producing electrochemical transducers (FB‐SPEs and EFB‐SPEs). A complete electrochemical study was performed and the best results are obtained working with FB‐SPEs, especially in terms of: 1. improved electron‐transfer kinetic mechanisms and 2. sensitivity and selectivity toward Acetaminophen (Ac) and Guanine (G). These latter represent two important electro‐active targets to quantify in medicine field application, because: Ac is a preferred alternative (as analgesic‐antipyretic agent) to aspirin, particularly for patients who cannot tolerate aspirin; the oxidation signal of G is useful for the fabrication of emerging analytical tools, such as DNA chipsand user‐friendly diagnostic devices. Ac and G are quantify by using FB‐SPEs electrochemical devices, with an extended linearity (1–300 μM for Ac; 0.1–300 μM for G), an excellent sensitivity (2.82 μA μM⁻¹ cm⁻² in the case of Ac; and 0.183 μA μM⁻¹ cm⁻² in the case of G), a low detection limit (0.01 μM for Ac; 0.005 μM for G), a very good reproducibility (both: intra‐; inter‐electrodes reproducibility RSD % ranging from 0.3–0.5 for Ac; and 0.50–0.85 for G) and a very fast response time (6 s for Ac; 5 s in the case of G). In addition, high selectivity is obtained at FB‐SPEs, meaning that the FB‐SPEs electrochemical transducers are suitable to simultaneously quantify Ac and G in real samples, having several different (highly concentrated) interference.